Arduino: build Morse translators - how it works

In this practical tip you will learn how you can easily build a Morse translator with your Arduino.

Building Morse translators with Arduino - this is needed

First of all, of course, you need an Arduino.

• You should also get an active buzzer and an LED.
• Connect the buzzer to pin 9 and the LED to pin 13.

Arduino: program Morse translator

Here we have programmed a small sample code for you, which you are welcome to use. Simply upload it to the Arduino and start the serial monitor.

• #define debug true
• int ledPin = 13;
• int speakerPin = 9;
• int pitch1 = 140;
• int pitch2 = 140;
• int dot = 50;
• int dash = 3 * dot;
• String morseATable [] = {".-", "-...", "-.-.", "- ..", ".", "..-.", "-.", ". ... ", " .. ", " .--- ", " _._ ", " .- .. ", " - ", " -. ", " --- ", " .-- . ", " --.- ", " .-. ", " ... ", " - ", " ..- ", " ...- ", " .-- ", " -..- ", " -.-- ", " - .. "};
• String morseNTable [] = {"-----", ".----", "..---", "...--", "....-", "... .. ", " -.... ", " --... ", " --- .. ", " ----. "};
• void setup () {
• pinMode (ledPin, OUTPUT);
• pinMode (speakerPin, OUTPUT);
• Serial.begin (9600);
• if (debug) {
• Serial.println ( "\ nstart");}
• }
• void loop () {
• if (true) {
• convert2Morse (Serial.readString ());
• }
• }
• void convert2Morse (String message) {
• for (int pos = 0; pos <message.length (); pos ++) {
• if (debug) {
• Serial.print (message.charAt (pos));
• Serial.print ("");
• }
• if ((message.charAt (pos)> = 97) && (message.charAt (pos) <= 122)) {
• morseLED (morseATable [message.charAt (pos) -97]);}
• if ((message.charAt (pos)> = 48) && (message.charAt (pos) <= 57)) {
• morseLED (morse table [message [pos] -48]);}
• if (message.charAt (pos) == 32) {
• morseLED ("");}
• if (debug) {
• Serial.println ();
• }
• }}
• void morseLED (String sequence) {
• for (int pos = 0; pos <sequence.length (); pos ++) {
• FlashLED (sequence.charAt (pos));}
• delay (2 * dot);
• }
• void flashLED (char dotOrDash) {
• if (debug) {
• Serial.print (dotOrDash);}
• if (dotOrDash == 46) {
• digitalWrite (ledPin, HIGH);
• tone (speakerPin, pitch1);
• delay (dot);
• digitalWrite (ledPin, LOW);
• noTone (speakerPin);
• delay (dot);
• } else if (dotOrDash == 45) {
• digitalWrite (ledPin, HIGH);
• tone (speakerPin, pitch2);
• delay (dash);
• digitalWrite (ledPin, LOW);
• noTone (speakerPin);
• delay (dot);
• } else if (dotOrDash == 32) {
• delay (dot);}
• }

In the next practical tip, we will show you how you can use a GSM module on the Arduino.