Hoax - what is it?

In many internet forums the term "hoax" keeps coming up. We explain exactly what that is and how you should behave with a hoax.

What is the term "hoax"?

A hoax - in the classic sense - is a warning against a supposed computer virus. This is usually sent via email or WhatsApp, such as the chain letter from Ute Christoff. A hoax is characterized by the following properties:

• The hoax relies on a trustworthy source (e.g. Microsoft, Avira or the Federal Office for Security). Of course, the email does not come from the advertised companies or authorities.
• In addition, there is usually a warning about a particularly dangerous virus or trojan against which there are no effective means. In some cases, the hoax also offers a download link to supposedly helpful tools. Under no circumstances should you open this link.
• As a rule, the email lacks any sources or evidence for the claim. In addition, the choice of language and grammar are often incorrect.
• You will also be asked to forward the email to as many people as possible. For this reason, fake WhatsApp or Facebook chain letters are now referred to as hoax.

How to protect yourself from dangerous hoaxes

As a rule, hoaxes are to be understood as a "joke". However, some of these emails can be really dangerous. However, you are well protected with the following security measures:

• Activate the spam filter of your email program: Almost every provider checks your emails before they land in your inbox. The mail program filters out advertising messages and dubious chain letters and moves them to the "spam folder". In GMail and on your iPhone, for example, you can activate the spam filter in just a few steps.
• Do not open any links or attachments: If questionable messages still appear in your mailbox, you should not open them. Under no circumstances should you follow the hyperlinks provided in the email and do not save any attached files. Viruses and Trojans mostly hide here.
• Check the sender: Look closely at the sender's email address. If this already seems suspicious to you, you should delete the message. If in doubt, a Google search also helps. Most of the time, other users have already had experience with the sender.
• Do not forward: This point is the easiest, but also the most effective. A hoax that is not spread quickly dies out quickly. Do not forward mails or messages just because you are asked to do so.

If a virus gets on your computer despite the security measures, there is no need to panic. In this practical tip, we will show you how to check your computer for viruses and Trojans.