What is software? Easily explained

The terms "software" and "hardware" often fall in connection with technology and IT. In this article we explain what software actually is and in which areas you encounter it.

Software - collective term for programs and associated data

"Software" is usually used as a synonym for "programs". Associated data also fall under the software term:

• Software is all non-physical components of a computerized system. With a notebook or PC, the operating system is just as much a software as the programs installed on it and any data that is generated with it.
• The opposite component is the hardware. We'll explain what exactly hardware is in another article.

Embedded systems: software apart from PC and notebook

The term software is particularly common in the computer field. But other systems are software-controlled - here the software is firmly anchored to the hardware and is therefore referred to as an "embedded system":

• The on-board computer in the car, the washing machine in the basement or the oven in the kitchen - all these devices work with embedded systems. The software ensures that the devices follow a certain logic and that you can control them using buttons or other input options.
• Other entertainment devices such as MP3 players, navigation systems or DVD and Bluray players are also operated with embedded software. You can control them similarly to a computer - the difference is that the hardware is not compatible with other software (for example, an alternative operating system).

Apps - software on smartphones and tablets

You can also work with a wide range of software on smartphones and tablets. The first difference starts with the operating system: Apple devices, for example the iPad and the iPhone, work with iOS. Smartphones and tablets from other manufacturers usually use Android. In contrast to computers, software is referred to here as an "app" and not as a "program".

• Not every software is compatible with every software environment. Therefore, not every iOS app is also available in the Google Play store and vice versa. The developer has to port the software for the respective operating system so that it runs properly.
• In contrast to embedded systems, you can install the software yourself on a smartphone or tablet. There are numerous apps for iOS and Android with which you can expand the functionality or change the system. Advanced users can even replace the entire operating system with alternative systems.